Fusaka Goes Live

Ethereum is rolling out the Fusaka upgrade today, scheduled to go live on December 3, 2025, at 21:49 UTC. The headline feature is PeerDAS, a new data-availability technology. With it, nodes only need to store one-eighth of the blob data, significantly lowering hardware requirements and theoretically boosting the scalability of Layer 2 solutions by up to eight times.

This is Ethereum’s second major upgrade in 2025, following the Pectra hard fork in May, which was followed by a 29% increase in ETH’s price. Fusaka combines improvements from the Osaka execution layer and the Fulu consensus layer, strengthening the network’s scalability, security, and efficiency. Increased blob capacity improves data availability while reducing the operating costs for rollups.

PeerDAS plays a crucial role by enabling data verification through random sampling. This maintains full data availability while drastically cutting memory and bandwidth demands. Rollups can therefore handle much higher transaction volumes at lower fees.

The upgrade also introduces flexible blob-parameter adjustments without requiring future hard forks, along with several security enhancements. These include aligning blob fees with actual network load and enforcing a cap of 16,777,216 gas units per transaction.

A major quality-of-life improvement for users is support for secp256r1 signatures, enabling passkey-style logins without seed phrases. This could accelerate institutional adoption, as emphasized by Joseph Charom from Sharplink.

Analysts, however, are cautious about drawing direct comparisons to Pectra. Its price surge was also driven by favorable macroeconomic conditions. For Fusaka, long-term growth of Layer 2 ecosystems and increasing institutional capital may matter more. The upgrade itself focuses on infrastructure, strengthening Ethereum’s position in competition with other networks—though it may not immediately translate into a rapid market reaction.